What does a crash-tested restraint system need to restrain?

A crash-tested restraint system is designed to provide comprehensive protection during a collision by restraining both the upper and lower torso of the occupant. The primary objective of this type of system is to minimize movement of the body in order to reduce the risk of injury. When an impact occurs, the forces exerted on the body can lead to serious injuries, and a well-designed restraint system must effectively secure both the upper body, including the shoulders and chest, as well as the lower portion, which includes the abdomen and pelvis, to ensure stability and safety.

In contrast, if the restraint system were to focus solely on one part of the body—such as just the upper or lower torso—there could be significant risk of injury to other areas that are not adequately protected. For example, restricting only the lower torso might not adequately protect the head and neck during an impact, where injuries can be severe. Therefore, effective crash-tested systems are engineered to secure both the upper and lower torso, providing a holistic approach to occupant safety in vehicles.